In Gremium. Studies in History, Culture and Politics

Filozofia klasyczna jako podstawa dyskusji Eleonory Ziemięckiej z heglizmem. Na podstawie Zarysów filozofii katolickiej w czterech poglądach zawartych

Wiesława Sajdek — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 10:49:06 +0200

not ready yet

Adam Mahrburg: pozytywizm w epoce przełomu antypozytywistycznego

Anna Dziedzic — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0200

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Adam Mahrburg (1855-1913) defended the „neocriticism” which was supposed to be a combination of neo-Kantianism, positivism, and evolutionism. „Neocriticism” referred to the neo-Kantianism of F. A. Lange and authors of the second half of the 19th century who viewed philosophy as a critique of scientific cognition and who came from both neo-Kantian and positivist circles. In fact, „neocriticism” served Mahrburg as a tool to combat the residues of metaphysics in science and attempts to combine metaphysics with scientific knowledge. Mahrburg's position in the era of Baden School of neo-Kantianism, a departure from psychologism and philosophical naturalism, could be considered eclectic and epigonic. At the same time, however, Mahrburg's instrumentalism was an equal voice in the discussion on the philosophy of science that took place at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and his eclecticism was no less consistent than other positivist-Kantian constructions, such as the views of H. Vaihinger. In addition, Mahrburg himself felt that his ideas were relevant, as he defended the ethos of scientific thinking against diagnoses of the „bankruptcy of science” that were still appearing in Polish literature at the time. The article shows the positivist entanglements of Mahrburg's thought and the specificity of its functioning in an era associated with the anti-positivist turn.

Polskie filozofki emigracyjne w Europie Środkowo-Zachodniej na przełomie XIX i XX wieku

Kamil Michał Wojtowicz — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 10:55:53 +0200

In the second half of the 19th century, women in Europe gradually began to study at higher education institutions, including philosophy departments. Polish women, wanting to obtain an education, emigrated most often to Western European countries. The aim of this article is to present in numbers and characterize the environment of Polish female philosophy students at European universities. First, an attempt will be made to define the concepts of "Polish woman" and "Polishness". Then, I will present the environments of Polish women studying philosophy at universities in today's Czech Republic, Switzerland, and Austria. Finally, I will attempt to summarize the state of research on Polish female philosophers in emigration, as well as potential possibilities for the development of this research.

O klasyczności filozofii – propozycja uzupełnienia kanonu filozofii polskiej (na 80-lecie Wydziału Filozofii Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego)

Anna Staroscic, Stanisław Janeczek — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 10:59:59 +0200

The intellectual sovereignty of philosophers was once emphasised, although one usually philosophises within the frameworks of various schools, which prefer different styles of philosophising. Since philosophy addresses not only theoretical trends, but also the most important social and existential questions, the question of which styles and schools currently dominate Polish philosophy is interesting not only for historians of philosophy, but also for those interested in its philosophical, ideological and institutional heritage. If expressing opinions on particular trends is permitted within an extended review system, this may influence the future ideological and institutional landscape of Polish philosophical culture, starting with the pragmatic academic advantages. The question of which style of philosophy is most valued by the academic milieu is also important because, although philosophy is considered the most disinterested form of cognition, it also participates in the market of ideas due to the prestige of the university in which it is pursued and taught, as well as the financial resources granted for cognitively and socially significant achievements.

This article discusses the classical nature of philosophy as a valuable distinguishing feature and a model way of thinking. Firstly, it addresses the difficulties in current philosophical discourse concerning the ranking of classical types of philosophising in European, or even Euro-Atlantic, culture. Starting with evaluations formulated in textbooks on the history of Polish philosophy, it is suggested that contemporary Christian philosophy, particularly that pursued at the Catholic University of Lublin, is not given its due value. To enable a possible correction of this opinion, the article suggests treating classical philosophising within the categories of its integral character, starting with philosophy's maximalist tasks. As this type of integral philosophising has dominated throughout the long history of philosophy, with perhaps the exception of the last two centuries, it is argued that the integral philosophising pursued at the Catholic University of Lublin and in centres where this approach is developed may not only provide a foundation for recognising this style of philosophising as the Lublin School of Classical Philosophy — the classical type in historical and evaluative senses — but also help to expand its presence in textbooks.

Karol Ludwik Koniński - rozważania o ludzkim przeznaczeniu i poszukiwaniu sensu życia poprzez wiarę i wierność wartościom

Tomasz Staniszewski — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 11:02:15 +0200

Tematem wystąpienia są rozważania Karola Ludwika Konińskiego dotyczące ludzkiego przeznaczenia i poszukiwania sensu życia poprzez wiarę i wierność do wartości. Autor podejmuje próbę rozpoznania kondycji ludzkiej, prezentuje obrazy wewnętrznej walki człowieka o siebie, swój świat i lepsze codzienne życie. W obliczu problemy moralne, zło obecne na świecie, stworzone przez innych - teraźniejszość staje się szansą na transformację, a wymiar wartości takich jak miłość, prawda, dobro, piękno jest szansą na znalezienie nowego światła dla przemiany samego siebie.

Polska w pierwszej połowie XX wieku znalazła się w okresie próby – stawiając czoła kryzys aksjologiczny – gdy zacierają się granice między lojalnością a zdradą, honorem i pogarda zaczęły się rozmywać; podmiot marzący o pełnym życiu zatracił się w duchowości pustka. Filozofia i aksjologia Karola Ludwika Konińskiego wyszły naprzeciw tym problemów, wskazując na lojalność wobec zasad etycznych jako jeden z fundamentów oczekiwanego szczęścia.

W obliczu cierpienia i nędzy kondycji ludzkiej Koniński szuka światła nadziei w odkrywaniu wartości wiary i zaufania. Temat zawieszony pomiędzy światłem a ciemność wciąż szuka sensu swojego życia, szczęścia, które pozwoli mu przezwyciężyć ograniczenia cielesności i przemijającego świata. To miłość daje życie i staje się podstawą dla przemian polskiej kultury i duchowości. Człowiek to nie tylko nieistotny element materii, ale zawiera w sobie element nieśmiertelności, który kontynuuje poszukiwania na ścieżkach etyki. Wybitny badacz, zadając pytania o własną epokę, inspiruje swoich czytelników do refleksji – do ponownego umieszczenia kwestii natury ludzkiej w ważnym miejscu miejsce filozoficznej refleksji współczesności.

O klasyczności Władysława Tatarkiewicza

Adrian Habura — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 11:10:39 +0200

The primary aim of this article is to complement Ryszard Palacz’s argument, presented in his book Classics of Polish Philosophy, for the inclusion of Władysław Tatarkiewicz among the classics of Polish philosophy. This complement is based on the recognition of Tatarkiewicz's work O szczęściu (Analysis of Happiness) as far more significant in his scholarly legacy than Palacz acknowledged. A secondary aim is to show the inspiring influence of Aristotle on Tatarkiewicz’s investigation in the aforementioned work.

Badania Bohdana Kieszkowskiego nad renesansowym platonizmem i ich krytyczna recepcja

Tomasz Mróz — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The aim of this paper is to discuss two critical reactions to the works of a Polish scholar of Renaissance philosophy, B. Kieszkowski, who began his academic career in the thirties at the University of Warsaw and after World War II settled in Paris, where he died. The first of these reactions is a heated polemical discussion between M. Heitzman and the author of the book Renaissance Platonism, and the second is a critical evaluation of Kieszkowski’s edition of Pico della Mirandola’s Conclusiones by a Portuguese researcher of the Italian Renaissance, J. V. de Pina Martins. While the discussion between Heitzman and Kieszkowski primarily concerned the extent of the dependence of Renaissance thought on the Middle Ages, as well as methodological issues and philological inaccuracies pointed out by Heitzman, Pina Martins focused almost entirely on the shortcomings of Pico’s text in Kieszkowski’s edition.

Powroty Adama Schaffa do klasycznego marksizmu i odejścia od niego

Stefan Konstańczak — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 11:18:54 +0200

The author's intention is to reconstruct the evolution of Adam Schaff's views which led from orthodox Marxism-Leninism, through studies of classical Marxism, to attempts to reform it and adapt to the challenges of the present day. In the presentation, the starting point will be the content of doctoral and habilitation dissertations defended by A. Schaff at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in Moscow, with the end point of the eclectic concept of ecumenical humanism which he formulated at the beginning of the twenty-first century. In the first period, he attributed scientific character only to Marxism, and all other philosophical concepts were considered unscientific in advance, and therefore harmful to the development of human thought. In the final period, Schaff tried to unify all philosophical currents within the concept of ecumenical humanism. It was both a return to classical Marxism and its modification by adapting its assumptions to the premises of modern science. Schaff's position has found many supporters, especially in countries where liberation theology was previously popular, and for this reason it is worth introducing also to Polish readers.

Krakowska szkoła filozofii uczestniczącej

PIOTR BARTULA — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 11:20:37 +0200

My reflections concern the intentionally carried out current of "participating philosophy", which sees ideas as dwelling inside social Leviathan and developing along with it. Minerva's owl flies at dusk so that she can contemplate the past day in relatively comfortable conditions. "Philosophical reconnoitrers" (aka skylarks), however, are interested in a tumult of the morning and of the whole day. In this context I will recollect the political philosophy of two Kraków-based classical authors of the 1980s - Mirosław Dzielski and Bronisław Łagowski.

Nieprofesjonalna intrygująca eseistyka i aforystyka filozoficzna Piotra Wierzbickiego

ADAM SAWICKI — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 11:24:23 +0200

This article presents the work of the Polish non-academic philosopher Piotr Wierzbicki, as contained in his four books. It attempts to extract and explain the main insights into his philosophical reflections and to relate them to the views of his philosophical predecessors, despite the author's emphasis on his intellectual independence. The author's essayistic and aphoristic style and its non-systematic nature are highlighted.

Parę słów o dyskusji na temat pojęcia „Klassik” w latach podziału Niemiec

Karol Sauerland — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Not ready yet.

XII Seminarium Historyków Filozofii Polskiej: Filozofia polska – między klasykami i epigonami, Instytut Filozofii Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, 19-20 maja 2025 r.

Tomasz Mróz — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 11:36:20 +0200

Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej w Instytucie Filozofii UZ.

Sprawozdanie z ogólnopolskiej konferencji naukowej zorganizowanej przez koło studentów historyków Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego „Mont Viridis” pt. „Symbole historii”, Zielona Góra, 4 kwietnia 2025 r.

Daniel Janusz — Sat, 12 Sep 2026 11:39:45 +0200